Helm入门

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Helm是k8s的包管理器，我们可以使用Helm来安装部署应用；一个Helm包被称作Chart，存储和发布Chart的仓库叫做Repository。

Helm 3 不再使用服务端。

安装Helm

选择合适的安装包

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[wangyt@pseudo-cluster tmp]$ wget https://get.helm.sh/helm-v3.8.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
--2022-05-02 21:37:09--  https://get.helm.sh/helm-v3.8.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
Resolving get.helm.sh (get.helm.sh)... 152.199.39.108, 2606:2800:247:1cb7:261b:1f9c:2074:3c
Connecting to get.helm.sh (get.helm.sh)|152.199.39.108|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 13633605 (13M) [application/x-tar]
Saving to: ‘helm-v3.8.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz’

100%[==================================================================================================================================================>] 13,633,605  10.5MB/s   in 1.2s   

2022-05-02 21:37:11 (10.5 MB/s) - ‘helm-v3.8.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz’ saved [13633605/13633605]

[wangyt@pseudo-cluster tmp]$ 
[wangyt@pseudo-cluster tmp]$ tar -zxvf helm-v3.8.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz 
linux-amd64/
linux-amd64/helm
linux-amd64/LICENSE
linux-amd64/README.md
[wangyt@pseudo-cluster tmp]$ ls -lh
drwxr-xr-x 2 wangyt wangyt   50 Apr 14 01:56 linux-amd64
[wangyt@pseudo-cluster tmp]$ 
[wangyt@pseudo-cluster tmp]$ sudo mv linux-amd64/helm /usr/local/bin/helm
[wangyt@pseudo-cluster tmp]$ helm help
The Kubernetes package manager

基本命令

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## 添加仓库
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ helm repo add bitnami https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami
"bitnami" has been added to your repositories

## 列出仓库
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ helm repo list
NAME            URL                                                
skywalking      https://apache.jfrog.io/artifactory/skywalking-helm
bitnami         https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami                 

## 搜索仓库
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ helm search repo bitnami
NAME                                            CHART VERSION   APP VERSION     DESCRIPTION                                       
bitnami/bitnami-common                          0.0.9           0.0.9           DEPRECATED Chart with custom templates used in ...
bitnami/airflow                                 12.2.1          2.2.5           Apache Airflow is a tool to express and execute...
bitnami/apache                                  9.0.17          2.4.53          Apache HTTP Server is an open-source HTTP serve...
bitnami/argo-cd                                 3.1.16          2.3.3           Argo CD is a continuous delivery tool for Kuber...
bitnami/argo-workflows                          1.1.12          3.3.4           Argo Workflows is meant to orchestrate Kubernet...
...

安装Chart示例

以安装tomcat为示例：

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## 更新仓库
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ helm repo update
Hang tight while we grab the latest from your chart repositories...
...Successfully got an update from the "skywalking" chart repository
...Successfully got an update from the "bitnami" chart repository
Update Complete. ⎈Happy Helming!⎈

## 查找tomcat chart
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ helm search repo tomcat                      
NAME            CHART VERSION   APP VERSION     DESCRIPTION                                       
bitnami/tomcat  10.1.21         10.0.20         Apache Tomcat is an open-source web server desi...

## 查看chart详情
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ helm show chart bitnami/tomcat
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ helm show all bitnami/tomcat

## 安装tomcat chart
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ helm install my-tomcat bitnami/tomcat # 也可以使用`helm install bitnami/tomcat --generate-name`自动生成名字
NAME: my-tomcat
LAST DEPLOYED: Tue May  3 06:03:03 2022
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None
NOTES:
CHART NAME: tomcat
CHART VERSION: 10.1.21
APP VERSION: 10.0.20

** Please be patient while the chart is being deployed **

1. Get the Tomcat URL by running:

  NOTE: It may take a few minutes for the LoadBalancer IP to be available.
        Watch the status with: 'kubectl get svc --namespace default -w my-tomcat'

  export SERVICE_IP=$(kubectl get svc --namespace default my-tomcat --template "{{ range (index .status.loadBalancer.ingress 0) }}{{ . }}{{ end }}")
  echo "Tomcat URL:            http://$SERVICE_IP:/"
  echo "Tomcat Management URL: http://$SERVICE_IP:/manager"

2. Login with the following credentials

  echo Username: user
  echo Password: $(kubectl get secret --namespace default my-tomcat -o jsonpath="{.data.tomcat-password}" | base64 --decode)

## 安装的chart列表
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ helm list
NAME            NAMESPACE       REVISION        UPDATED                                 STATUS          CHART           APP VERSION
my-tomcat       default         1               2022-05-03 06:03:03.528814348 +0800 CST deployed        tomcat-10.1.21  10.0.20
## 查看chart状态    
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ helm status my-tomcat
## 卸载chart
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ helm uninstall my-tomcat
release "my-tomcat" uninstalled

快速创建自己的chart

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[wangyt@localhost ~]$ helm create deis-workflow
Creating deis-workflow
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ ls -lh
drwxr-xr-x   4 wangyt wangyt  93 May  3 06:51 deis-workflow
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ cd deis-workflow/
[wangyt@localhost deis-workflow]$ ls -lh
total 8.0K
drwxr-xr-x 2 wangyt wangyt    6 May  3 06:51 charts
-rw-r--r-- 1 wangyt wangyt 1.2K May  3 06:51 Chart.yaml
drwxr-xr-x 3 wangyt wangyt  162 May  3 06:51 templates
-rw-r--r-- 1 wangyt wangyt 1.9K May  3 06:51 values.yaml
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ helm package deis-workflow
Successfully packaged chart and saved it to: /home/wangyt/deis-workflow-0.1.0.tgz
[wangyt@localhost ~]$ helm install deis-workflow ./deis-workflow-0.1.0.tgz

安装Helm
快速入门指南
使用Helm
Chart开发指南